Primary School (class 1,2,3) - Sangya (Noun)

In the Hindi language, the meaning of word ‘Sangya’ is ‘name’. Children of Primary and Secondary school learn that Sangya or Noun is a naming word which identifies people, places, things and also expresses ideas, qualities, emotions, state of being etc.

In lower primary classes, kids are taught three kinds of nouns -

व्यक्तिवाचक संज्ञा (Proper noun) - Names of a specific person, place, languages, rivers, mountains etc. e.g. India, Delhi, Hindi, Urdu, Ganges, Kaveri, Himalayas, A.P.J Abdul Kalam. 

जातिवाचक संज्ञा (Common noun) - It's a generic name of a person, place or a thing in a class or group. e.g. man, women, boys, girls, animals, birds, rivers etc.

भाववाचक संज्ञा (Abstract noun)- It refers to things that are immaterial and abstract in nature. We can feel it, sense it but cannot hold it as a concrete object. e.g. anger, happiness, joy, fear etc.
   

I am uploading worksheets explaining ‘Sangya’ and its types. This first set of worksheets is simple. These pictorial worksheets are for lower primary classes.

Teachers and parents are the best guides to give them a helping hand in understanding the concepts of grammar.

Happy teaching !!!

 
 

 

 

Primary school - Swar Vyanjan - Matra Visarg (अ:)

The origin of vowel अ: is from Brahmi. It is used as a matra with Swar and Vyanjan but is not written in its original form like other vowels like अं,आँ ….

Matra of अ: appears frequently in Sanskrit texts/words. Sanskrit words (तत्सम शब्द) which often appear in Hindi  have matra of अ:.

·  Matra of अ: resembles the punctuation mark colon (:). So it should not be confused with the colon.

·    Pronunciation of अ: is ‘ah’ or ‘ih’ preceding the vowel.

   eg.-

     देव: - दे + व् + अ + अ: - देव:      (ah)

             ईश: - ई + श् + अ + अ: - ईश:     (ah)

            गुरु: - गु + र् + उ + अ: - गुरु:       (u ah)

            मति: - म + त् + इ + अ: - मति:  (ih)

I am uploading worksheets with some information about the use of vowel 'अ:'. Hope it is helpful to parents and kids to understand the matra of ‘Visarg'.

Happy teaching!!!!!

   

               

 

Primary School (Class 4,5,6) - 2 Swar, Vyanjan, Matra

In every language, the correct pronunciation of words is very important. Hindi is not like English where words come from different languages and have different pronunciations. In Hindi, we write what we pronounce, so if we pronounce a word correctly we would write it correctly.

Children should be encouraged to read books, consult dictionaries. These habits improve their vocabulary, spellings and help them in creative writing too.

In Hindi Varnmala certain alphabets and matras need special attention, e.g. अं/अँ, ड/ढ, ड/ड़, ड़/ढ़, ओ/औ, ए/ऐ, उ/ऊ ….

I am uploading the worksheets for Primary school kids. It  would be an interesting exercise for elders too.

Such a variety of exercises not only helps kids to be observant but they keep revising the varnamala (alphabets) and matras.

Happy teaching !!!!!

 

 
 

Visheshan (Adjective ) - 3 Describing words for Preschool

Visheshan (Adjectives) are the words which describe a person, place or a thing. Kids unknowingly, use describing words for the same.

Before planning any worksheet for introducing Visheshan (Adjective), an Adjective Sorting game should be introduced as group activity just to teach the basic concept of describing words or Visheshan (Adjective).

Adjective sorting game – This is an interesting and simple activity to introduce the describing words or adjectives.

Preparation –

·       Take three baskets and paste the captions of colour (रंग), size/shape (आकार), feelings (भावना)   and place the baskets on a table in front of the class.

·       Prepare a deck of colourful adjective flashcards.

colour (रंग)- red, blue, yellow, green, orange, brown, black and white, size/shape (आकार) - big/small, short/tall, fat/thin, round, triangular, square, oval and feelings (भावना) – happy/sad, angry/laughing,

Activity-

·       Pick up a card from the deck e.g. a smiling face. Ask them if a smile is a colour, a size/shape or a feeling?

   Once they have correctly identified the type of adjective smiling card as feelings, place the card in the corresponding basket. 

Group activity on Sensory Descriptions

Preparation :

·       Divide the kids into the groups of five.

·       Make five- round tokens and label them as per the five senses, Sight (दृष्टि/नज़र), Smell (गंध/सूंघ), Sound (ध्वनि/आवाज़), Taste (स्वाद), Touch (छूना/स्पर्श). Distribute these five tokens to each group and kid can pick up one token each and identify it.

Ø   At a later stage, you can include flashcards based on Number (गिनती/संख्या), Weather (मौसम), Shape (आकार), Size ( बनावट ).

·       Keep some assorted objects in every group for sensory description by each kid based on five tokens he/she has.

e.g. a ball, coin, paper, candy and a feather.

                Ask them to pick up each object and describe it

                according to the token they have. They may come up

               with funny/silly observations too, but that is the fun of

               group games.

Fishing for adjectives

This group activity requires prior preparations by tutors/parents but it can also be played with other introductory topics like Noun and verbs.

Preparation:-

·       Create several colourful flashcards by writing nouns, adjectives and verbs in bold letters and fix a paper clip to them.

·       Make a simple fishing rod, from cane or bamboo and tie a magnet to the end of the fishing line.

·       Spread out the cards face-up on the floor of the classroom.

Activity:-

·       Before this fishing activity for adjectives begins, make sure kids can differentiate between the adjectives and non-adjectives.

·       Next step is to ask each child to come forward and ‘fish’ for an adjective flashcard from the spread-out cards with the help of a magnetic fishing rod.   

·       When they successfully pick out a flashcard with an adjective, ask them to name an object and use that adjective to describe it.

Educational group activities are very effective and play an important role in learning a concept. Children don’t even realize that they are learning while playing. The fun learning environment takes the stress off and kids learn fast. When the concept of the adjective is clear to the kids then worksheets can be introduced.

These are a few simple activities for introducing Visheshan (Adjectives). Your suggestions are most welcome.
 Happy teaching !!!!

Kriya ( Verb ) - 2 The action words for Preschool

Before kids are taught formal grammar, they should be introduced to the basics of grammar by play way method in group activities. e.g.- Sangya- naming words (Noun), Kriya – action words (Verbs). Visheshan- describing words (Adjectives). There are many interesting activities to introduce the basics of grammar at the preschool level.

The play way group activity engages them practically so that they remember the topic introduced that action word describes something which a person can do.

·       Form a small group of kids and ask them to come up in front of the classroom and perform certain acts, e.g. walk, hop, read, write, laugh, colouring, sing, eat, talk, see, listen, sleep etc. Ask the rest of the class what they are doing and give a word to that action. This way we can introduce the concept of action words.

·       Ask them to draw pictures or paste pictures of different actions from magazines and make their own Kriya(verb) flash/index cards and tell the class which action they have drawn individually.

·       We can write the word for each action word in each flashcard.

Since they have already been introduced to the concept of Sangya (Noun), they should be encouraged to form short sentences with a noun and the action word.  

These are a few simple activities for introducing Kriya (verb). Your suggestions are most welcome. Happy teaching !!!!

 

 

Preparatory School - Varnamala (Swar Vyanjan ) 2 - Vyanjan

In pictorial Varnamala 2 Vyanjans or consonants have been covered. In Hindi Vyanjan (Consonants) are 33.

        क वर्ग          -  क ख ग घ ङ   

        च वर्ग          -  च छ ज झ ञ

        ट वर्ग          -  ट ठ ड ढ ण (ड़ ढ़)

        त वर्ग          -  त थ द ध न

        प वर्ग          -  प फ ब भ म

        अंत:स्थल वर्ग    -  य र ल व

        ऊष्म वर्ग             -  श ष स ह

               संयुक्त वर्ग      -  क्ष त्र ज्ञ

In pictorial Varnamala 2 – Vyanjan, each alphabet has more than one picture identifying with one particular varna (alphabet) and kids should be encouraged to probe and find more objects as it not only improves their vocabulary but also improves their observation power. 

 

  

  
 

  
 

  

 

Happy Teaching !!!!!!!

Sangya (Noun) – 1.The naming words for Preschool

Before kids are taught formal grammar, they should be introduced to the basics of grammar by play way method in group activities. e.g.- Sangya- naming words (Noun), Visheshan- describing words (Adjectives), Kriya – action words (Verbs). There are many interesting activities to introduce the basics of grammar at the preschool level.

Sangya or Noun is naming a word which identifies people, animals, places and things. Before starting any activity to introduce Sangya (Noun) we can ask kids the following set of general questions –

            1.   What is your name?/ Your friend’s name?

            2.   Are you a boy or a girl?

            3.   Where do you live?

            4.   Where do you go to study?

            5.   Name some animals.

            6.   Name some birds.

            7.   Which is your favourite bird?

            8.   Do you write with a pencil or crayon?

            9.   Which fruit do you like to eat?

     10.     Who all are there in your family?

The answers can be put under each category people, animals, places and things on board, explain the naming words and then ask them for more examples in each category.

Next group activity is giving jumbled up cutouts/flashcard with names written at the back and ask them to sort it out and place them in the right category of naming words. For each category, we can put a box or a basket to put the cards. ( ref. Worksheet 10)  

Colourful worksheets can be created with pictures and ask them to colour as per instructions categorizing them as a person, animal, place and thing.

These are a few simple activities for Sangya. Your suggestions are most welcome. Happy teaching!!!!