Conjunct Consonants (Sanyukt Vyanjan) are a combination of two or more consonant letters (vyanjans). They are formed by combining two letters with no vowel (swar-अ) sound to it. It often changes the shape of the letters.
From time to time they appear in the text, nothing to worry about these conjunct letters.
· In Hindi Varnamala there are 33 consonants(vyanjans) and 23 consonants have a vertical line/stroke.
ख, ग, घ / च, ज, झ, ञ / ण / त, थ, ध, न / प, ब, भ, म / ल, व / श, ष, स ।
When these consonants are joined the vertical line of the first consonant is removed and connected to the second consonant in full form. e.g –
ख् + य – ख्य / ग् + व – ग्व / त् + व – त्व .........
· Alphabets like क/फ have a half loop/hook, which is shortened and joined to the next alphabet. e.g. –
क् + ख – क्ख/ क् + य – क्य
· Vyanjan द lacks vertical stroke. The second Vyanjan after द् is reduced in size and placed underneath द. e.g. –
द् + व – द्व, द् + ध – द्ध, द् + य – द्य
· (A) Alphabet r(a)/र has different rule to follow. Whenever a half Vyanjan is joined to r(a)/र, it is reduced in size and a short stroke is attached to the vyanjan. e.g. –
क् + र – क्र, ग् + र – ग्र, प् + र – प्र
क् + र + म – क्रम, ब् + र + ज - ब्रज
(when we pronounce these conjunct consonants the sound of r(a)/र comes after the half Vyanjan.)
(B) When r(a)/र appears as half vyanjan र् in between a word, in that case, र् takes an upward curve form above the next Vyanjan. e.g. –
र् + म – र्म, र् + च – र्च, र् + द – र्द
क + र् + म – कर्म, ब + र् + ज - बर्ज
(It is to be noted that no word starts with र्, it always appears in between the alphabets.)
(C) With ट् (ta), ठ् (tha), ड् (da), ढ् (dha) छ् (cha) र appears as ¼ ª½ below the Vyanjan. e.g. –
ट् + र – ट्र, ड् + र – ड्र, ......
ट् + र + क – ट्रक, ड् + र + म - ड्रम
Conjunct Consonants (Sanyukt Vyanjan) may appear complex but with little practice and fun, kids can master it.
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