Conjunct consonants (Sanyukt Vyanjan) (र - रेफ़/पदेन का प्रयोग) - 4

This is the fourth post on Conjunct consonants. Many subscribers requested this particular topic of संयुक्ताक्षर – र (रेफ़/पदेन)का प्रयोग, to be discussed in detail and wanted some worksheets for the practice.

In the case of conjunct consonants alphabet r/र has a different rule to follow.

(A)Whenever a half Vyanjan(स्वर रहित)- alphabets with a standing line( T ), is joined to r/र, it is reduced in size, and a short-stroke is attached below the line of the vyanjan. It is known as ‘पदेन’ meaning पैरों पर  लगा हुआ.

   e.g. –

     

क् + र – क्र  -  क् + र + म   – क्रम, 

ग् + र – ग्र  -  ग् + र + ह    - ग्रह

प् + र – प्र  -   प् + र + बल  - प्रबल

ब् + र ब्र    -  ब् + र + ज    - ब्रज

 

when we pronounce these conjunct consonants the sound of r/र comes after the half Vyanjan (स्वर रहित).

 

(B) र  as half vyanjan र् (स्वर रहित) is called रेफ़ in Hindi grammar.

 र्  appears in between the alphabets of a word, and र् takes an upward curve form above the next Vyanjan. e.g. –

 

र् + म – र्म - क + र् + म – कर्म

र् + च – र्च – ख + र् + च - खर्च

र् + द – र्द –  स + र् + द - सर्द  

 It is to be noted that no word starts with र् (रेफ़), it always appears in between the alphabets of a word.

(C)  With ट् (ta), ठ् (tha), ड् (da), ढ् (dha) छ् (cha), र appears as 

(  ª)  below the Vyanjan. e.g. –

ट् + र – ट्र - ट् + र + क – ट्रक

ड् + र – ड्र, - ड् + र + म – ड्रम

 

(D) Whenever a half Vyanjan (स्वर रहित) त् is joined to र, it is reduced in size, and a short-stroke is attached to the vyanjan त .        

त् + र – त्र

त् + र + स – त्रस

त् + रे + ता – त्रेता

मा + त् + रा - मात्रा

Conjunct Consonants (Sanyukt Vyanjan) may appear complex but with little practice and fun, kids can master it. 

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